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| NKS Programme Area: | NKS-R | | Research Area: | Severe accidents and Reactor Physics | | Report Number: | NKS-71 | | Report Title: | Severe Accident Research and Management in Nordic Countries - A Status Report | | Activity Acronym: | SOS-2.3 | | Authors: | Wiktor Frid | | Abstract: | The report describes the status of severe accident research and accident management
development in Finland, Sweden, Norway and Denmark. The emphasis
is on severe accident phenomena and issues of special importance for the severe
accident management strategies implemented in Sweden and in Finland.
The main objective of the research has been to verify the protection provided by
the accident mitigation measures and to reduce the uncertainties in risk dominant
accident phenomena. Another objective has been to support validation and improvements
of accident management strategies and procedures as well as to
contribute to the development of level 2 PSA, computerised operator aids for
accident management and certain aspects of emergency preparedness.
Severe accident research addresses both the in-vessel and the ex-vessel accident
progression phenomena and issues. Even though there are differences between
Sweden and Finland as to the scope and content of the research programs,
the focus of the research in both countries is on in-vessel coolability, integrity
of the reactor vessel lower head and core melt behaviour in the containment,
in particular the issues of core debris coolability and steam explosions.
Notwithstanding that our understanding of these issues has significantly improved,
and that experimental data base has been largely expanded, there are
still important uncertainties which motivate continued research. Other important
areas are thermal-hydraulic phenomena during reflooding of an overheated partially
degraded core, fission product chemistry, in particular formation of organic
iodine, and hydrogen transport and combustion phenomena.
The development of severe accident management has embraced, among other
things, improvements of accident mitigating procedures and strategies, further
work at IFE Halden on Computerised Accident Management Support (CAMS)
system, as well as plant modifications, including new instrumentation. Recent
efforts in Sweden in this area have been mainly concentrated on further development
of accident management strategies and aids for source term predictions
whereas in Finland in addition to further development of accident management
strategies some important plant modifications have been carried out. | | Publication date: | 01 Jan 2002 | | ISBN: | ISBN: 87-7893-127-4 | | Number of downloads: | 5360 | | Download: |  NKS-71.pdf |
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